1. United States. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. “Statement from CDC’s National Center for Injury Prevention and Control on Provisional 2024 Overdose Death Data.” 14 May 2025

2. United States. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. “U.S. Overdose Deaths Decrease Almost 27% in 2024.” 14 May 2025

3. United States. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. “Provisional Drug Overdose Death Counts.” 28 Nov 2025

4. Hannah Harris Green and Matt Kiefer. “Overdose in America: Analysis Reveals Deaths Rising in Some Regions Even as U.S. Sees National Decline.” Guardian. 17 Oct 2025

5. United States. Drug Enforcement Administration. “DEA’s Third Annual National Family Summit on Fentanyl Highlights Progress in Fight to Save Lives.” 15 Nov 2024

6. Jan Hoffman and Noah Weiland. “What’s Behind the Remarkable Drop in U.S. Overdose Deaths.” New York Times. 21 Nov 2024

7. Daniel Rosenblum, Jeffrey Ondocsin, Sarah G Mars, Dennis Cauchon, and Daniel Ciccarone. “Estimating Changes in Overdose Death Rates from Increasing Methamphetamine Supply in Ohio: Evidence from Crime Lab Data.” National Library of Medicine. 27 Apr 2024

8. Noah Weiland. “Fatal Drug Overdoses Are Dropping. Not Everyone Is Spared.” New York Times. 25 Oct 2024

9. “Overdoes Epidemic Report 2024.” American Medical Association.

10. Dan Rosenzweig-Ziff and Jasmine Hilton.  “Fatal Opioid Overdoses Are Up by the Hundreds, Devastating Families and Worrying Officials.”  Washington Post. 8 July 2021

11. Alissa Zhu, Nick Thieme and Jessica Gallagher. “Almost 6,000 Dead in 6 Years: How Baltimore Became the U.S. Overdose Capital.” New York Times. 23 May 2024

12. Nick Thieme, Alissa Zhu and Jessica Gallagher. “Seniors in Baltimore Are Being Devastated by Drugs: 5 Takeaways.” New York Times.

3 June 2024

13. John Gramlich. “Recent Surge in U.S. Drug Overdose Deaths Has Hit Black Men the Hardest.” Pew Research Center. 19 Jan 2022

14. United States. Department of Health and Human Services. “Harm Reduction.” Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration. 10 Dec 2024

15. Heather Saunders and Robin Rudowitz. “Implications of Potential Federal Medicaid Reductions for Addressing the Opioid Epidemic.” KFF. 14 May 2025

16. Letter to House Speaker Mike Johnson and Majority Leader John Thune from Benjamin Linas and Hana Zwick. 2 July 2025

17. “Involuntary Commitment of Those with Substance Use Disorders: Summary of State Laws.” Legislative Analysis and Public Policy Association. December 2024